MCQ on chapter 1 : Bricks, Beads and Bones
1.Which was the earliest Harappan site to be discovered?
a) Mohenjodaro
b) Harappa
c) Lothal
d) Kalibangan
Answer: b) Harappa
2.The Great Bath at Mohenjodaro was made of:
a) Fired bricks
b) Sun-dried bricks
c) Stone
d) Mud plaster
Answer: a) Fired bricks
3.Which of the following metals were used by the Harappans?
a) Gold and silver
b) Copper and bronze
c) Iron and steel
d) Platinum and palladium
Answer: b) Copper and bronze
4.The Harappan script is:
a) Hieroglyphic
b) Pictographic
c) Alphabetic
d) Syllabic
Answer: d) Syllabic
5.Which animal was not represented in Harappan art?
a) Elephant
b) Tiger
c) Cow
d) Lion
Answer: a) Elephant
6.The Harappan Civilization was located in which present-day region?
a) Mesopotamia
b) Egypt
c) Indus Valley
d) China
Answer: c) Indus Valley
7.Which of the following is not a major Harappan site?
a) Lothal
b) Dholavira
c) Kalibangan
d) Taxila
Answer: d) Taxila
8.Which of the following was not a Harappan craft?
a) Pottery
b) Weaving
c) Metallurgy
d) Glassblowing
Answer: d) Glassblowing
9.The Harappan Civilization declined around:
a) 2000 BCE
b) 1500 BCE
c) 1000 BCE
d) 500 BCE
Answer: b) 1500 BCE
10.What was the likely reason for the decline of the Harappan Civilization?
a) Invasion by foreigners
b) Environmental factors like climate change and floods
c) Economic collapse
d) Social and political upheaval
Answer: b) Environmental factors like climate change and floods
11.Which of the following is the correct chronological order of the major phases of the Harappan civilization?
A) Mature Harappan phase - Early Harappan phase - Late Harappan phase
B) Early Harappan phase - Mature Harappan phase - Late Harappan phase
C) Late Harappan phase - Early Harappan phase - Mature Harappan phase
D) Early Harappan phase - Late Harappan phase - Mature Harappan phase
Answer: B) Early Harappan phase - Mature Harappan phase - Late Harappan phase.
12.What is the most distinctive feature of Harappan town planning?
a) Circular roads
b) Grid system
c) Multiple citadels
d) Lack of public buildings
Answer: b) Grid system
13.Which of the following is NOT a feature of Harappan cities?
a) Citadel
b) Lower town
c) Great Bath
d) Multiple storey buildings
Answer: d) Multiple storey buildings
14.Which of the following was located at the center of the citadel in Harappan cities?
a) Great Bath
b) Assembly hall
c) Palace of the ruler
d) Granary
Answer: a) Great Bath
15.The drainage system in Harappan cities was:
a) Open drains
b) Closed drains
c) Non-existent
d) Underground canals
Answer: b) Closed drains
16.The houses in Harappan cities were made of:
a) Mud bricks
b) Stone blocks
c) Wood planks
d) Metal sheets
Answer: a) Mud bricks
17.Which river was located near the ancient city of Mohenjo-daro?
a) Ganges
b) Nile
c) Indus
d) Euphrates
Answer: c) Indus
18.What was the name of the largest building in Mohenjo-daro?
a) Great Hall
b) Royal Palace
c) Great Bath
d) Temple of the Sun
Answer: c) Great Bath
19.Which of the following was NOT found in Mohenjo-daro?
a) Public wells
b) Sewage system
c) Underground granaries
d) Stone sculptures
Answer: d) Stone sculptures
20.What was the purpose of the Great Bath in Mohenjo-daro?
a) Ritual bathing
b) Water storage
c) Fishing
d) Entertainment
Answer: a) Ritual bathing
21.Which civilization is believed to have influenced Mohenjo-daro?
a) Sumerians
b) Romans
c) Greeks
d) Egyptians
Answer: a) Sumerians
22.What was the material used to construct most buildings in Mohenjo-daro?
a) Stone
b) Wood
c) Brick
d) Concrete
Answer: c) Brick
23.Mohenjo-daro was rediscovered in the 1920s by which British archaeologist?
a) John Marshall
b) Howard Carter
c) Mary Leakey
d) Louis Leakey
Answer: a) John Marshall
24.What was the approximate population of Mohenjo-daro during its peak?
a) 5,000-10,000
b) 20,000-30,000
c) 50,000-100,000
d) 200,000-300,000
Answer: b) 20,000-30,000
25.Which of the following animals was NOT represented in Mohenjo-daro's art and artifacts?
a) Elephant
b) Bull
c) Tiger
d) Lion
Answer: a) Elephant
26.What was the likely cause of Mohenjo-daro's decline and eventual abandonment?
a) Invasion by foreign armies
b) Natural disasters like floods and droughts
c) Disease outbreaks
d) Economic collapse
Answer: b) Natural disasters like floods and droughts
27.Assertion: The Harappans were skilled in metallurgy.
Reasoning: Archaeological evidence suggests that the Harappans made use of a wide range of
metals such as copper, bronze, gold and silver. The discovery of several copper smelting furnaces
in the Indus Valley region also indicates that the Harappans were adept at extracting and refining metals.
a) Both the assertion and reasoning are true, and the reasoning is the correct explanation of the assertion.
b) Both the assertion and reasoning are true, but the reasoning is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
c) The assertion is true, but the reasoning is false.
d) The assertion is false, but the reasoning is true.
Correct answer: a) Both the assertion and reasoning are true, and the reasoning is the
correct explanation of the assertion.
28.Assertion: The Great Bath of Mohenjo-daro was a religious site for ritual purification.
Reasoning: The presence of changing rooms and steps leading to the pool suggest that the
Great Bath was used for ceremonial bathing.
A) Both Assertion and Reasoning are true and Reasoning is the correct explanation of Assertion.
B) Both Assertion and Reasoning are true but Reasoning is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
C) Assertion is true but Reasoning is false.
D) Assertion is false but Reasoning is true.
Answer: A) Both Assertion and Reasoning are true and Reasoning is the correct explanation of Assertion.
29. Reasoning: The seal depicts a figure sitting in a yogic posture, surrounded by animals and
with a horned headdress. The similarity of this figure with later representations of Shiva, who is also
associated with animals and has a horned headdress, suggests a connection between the two.
A. Both assertion and reasoning are true, and the reasoning is the correct explanation of the assertion.
B. Both assertion and reasoning are true, but the reasoning is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
C. The assertion is true, but the reasoning is false.
D. The assertion is false, but the reasoning is true.
Answer: A. Both assertion and reasoning are true, and the reasoning is the correct explanation of the assertion.
30.Assertion: The Harappan Civilization is considered as one of the earliest Bronze Age civilizations in the world.
Reasoning: The Harappan Civilization had a well-developed system of metallurgy and the
Harappans made extensive use of bronze for making tools and weapons.
A) Both Assertion and Reasoning are true and Reasoning is the correct explanation of Assertion.
B) Both Assertion and Reasoning are true but Reasoning is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.
C) Assertion is true but Reasoning is false.
D) Assertion is false but Reasoning is true.
Answer: A) Both Assertion and Reasoning are true and Reasoning is the correct explanation of Assertion.
Explanation: The Assertion is true, as the Harappan Civilization is indeed considered as one of the earliest
Bronze Age civilizations in the world. The Reasoning is also true, as the Harappan Civilization had a
well-developed system of metallurgy, and the Harappans made extensive use of bronze for making tools
and weapons. Moreover, the extensive use of bronze is one of the defining characteristics of the Bronze Age.
Therefore, both the Assertion and the Reasoning are true, and the Reasoning provides
a correct explanation for the Assertion.
31.Who was the archaeologist who discovered the Harappan civilization?
a. Rakhaldas Banerji
b. Daya Ram Sahni
c. Sir John Marshall
d. Mortimer Wheeler
Answer: c. Sir John Marshall
32.Who excavated the Harappan site of Kalibangan?
a. R. S. Bisht
b. B. B. Lal
c. Mortimer Wheeler
d. Rakhal Das Banerji
Answer: a. R. S. Bisht
33.Who discovered the ancient city of Dholavira?
a. R. S. Bisht
b. Rakhal Das Banerji
c. Jagdish Chandra Sharma
d. J. P. Joshi
Answer: c. Jagdish Chandra Sharma
34.Who conducted the first scientific excavation at Harappa in 1920?
a. Rakhal Das Banerji
b. Mortimer Wheeler
c. Daya Ram Sahni
d. Sir John Marshall
Answer: d. Sir John Marshall
35.Who discovered the Harappan site of Lothal?
a. R. S. Bisht
b. S. R. Rao
c. B. B. Lal
d. Rakhal Das Banerji
Answer: b. S. R. Rao
36.Assertion: The term "Great Bath" refers to a large public water tank found in the ruins of the Indus Valley Civilization.
Reasoning: The Great Bath was used for ritualistic purposes, possibly for religious ceremonies or purification purposes.
a) Both assertion and reasoning are true and the reasoning is the correct explanation of the assertion.
b) Both assertion and reasoning are true but the reasoning is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
c) Assertion is true but the reasoning is false.
d) Assertion is false but the reasoning is true.
Answer: a) Both assertion and reasoning are true and the reasoning is the correct explanation of the assertion.
37.Assertion: The Indus script is a combination of ideographic and phonetic symbols.
Reasoning: The Indus script has not yet been deciphered and there is much debate over its nature and function.
a) Both assertion and reasoning are true and the reasoning is the correct explanation of the assertion.
b) Both assertion and reasoning are true but the reasoning is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
c) Assertion is true but the reasoning is false.
d) Assertion is false but the reasoning is true.
Answer: b) Both assertion and reasoning are true but the reasoning is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
38.Assertion: The Indus Valley Civilization is also known as the Harappan Civilization because the city of Harappa was one of the first sites to be excavated.
Reasoning: Harappa was the largest and most important city of the Indus Valley Civilization.
a) Both assertion and reasoning are true and the reasoning is the correct explanation of the assertion.
b) Both assertion and reasoning are true but the reasoning is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
c) Assertion is true but the reasoning is false.
d) Assertion is false but the reasoning is true.
Answer: a) Both assertion and reasoning are true and the reasoning is the correct explanation of the assertion.
39.Assertion: The Harappans followed both burial and cremation practices.
Reasoning: The discovery of human bones in urns and brick-lined graves indicate that the Harappans followed both burial and cremation practices.
A. Both assertion and reasoning are true, and the reasoning is the correct explanation of the assertion.
B. Both assertion and reasoning are true, but the reasoning is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
C. The assertion is true, but the reasoning is false.
D. The assertion is false, but the reasoning is true.
Answer: A
40.Assertion: The Harappans practiced complex burial rituals.
Reasoning: The discovery of grave goods such as pottery, jewelry, and metal objects in graves indicate that the Harappans practiced complex burial rituals.
A. Both assertion and reasoning are true, and the reasoning is the correct explanation of the assertion.
B. Both assertion and reasoning are true, but the reasoning is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
C. The assertion is true, but the reasoning is false.
D. The assertion is false, but the reasoning is true.
Answer: A
41.Assertion: The Harappans believed in life after death.
Reasoning: The presence of grave goods in the Harappan burials indicate that the Harappans believed in life after death.
A. Both assertion and reasoning are true, and the reasoning is the correct explanation of the assertion.
B. Both assertion and reasoning are true, but the reasoning is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
C. The assertion is true, but the reasoning is false.
D. The assertion is false, but the reasoning is true.
Answer: A
42.Assertion: The Harappans believed in ancestor worship.
Reasoning: The discovery of terracotta figurines of both humans and animals at Harappan sites suggest that the Harappans believed in ancestor worship.
A. Both assertion and reasoning are true, and the reasoning is the correct explanation of the assertion.
B. Both assertion and reasoning are true, but the reasoning is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
C. The assertion is true, but the reasoning is false.
D. The assertion is false, but the reasoning is true.
Answer: B
43.What is the location of the Indus Valley Civilization?
A. Mesopotamia
B. South Asia
C. East Asia
D. Central Asia
Answer: B. South Asia
Explanation: The Indus Valley Civilization, also known as the Harappan Civilization, was located in
present-day Pakistan and northwest India. It is one of the earliest known civilizations of the world,
and it flourished between approximately 2600 BCE and 1900 BCE. Its major cities included Harappa,
Mohenjo-Daro, and Lothal, among others. The civilization was primarily located in the Indus River Valley,
but it also extended to other regions such as the Ghaggar-Hakra River basin
and the Ganges-Yamuna Doab.
44.Which of the following best describes the religion of the Indus Valley Civilization?
A. The religion of the Indus Valley Civilization was polytheistic and worshiped a variety of gods and goddesses,
including Shiva and Vishnu.
B. The religion of the Indus Valley Civilization is not well understood, but it appears to have been based on
the worship of a mother goddess.
C. The religion of the Indus Valley Civilization was centered around the worship of the sun and moon.
D. The religion of the Indus Valley Civilization was monotheistic and worshiped a single god named Indra.
Answer: B. The religion of the Indus Valley Civilization is not well understood, but it appears to have been
based on the worship of a mother goddess. The evidence for this comes from the many female figurines
found at Indus Valley sites, as well as the presence of goddess symbols on seals and other artifacts.
45.Which river was the most important to the Indus Valley Civilization?
a) Ganges
b) Brahmaputra
c) Indus
d) Yamuna
Ans.c) Indus
46.What was the chief occupation of the Indus Valley people?
a) Agriculture
b) Hunting
c) Fishing
d) Trading
Ans.a) Agriculture
47.Which one of the following Indus Valley sites is not in India?
a) Harappa
b) Lothal
c) Mohenjo-daro
d) Chanhu-daro
Ans.d) Chanhu-daro
48.What was the main material used for making tools in the Indus Valley Civilization?
a) Bronze
b) Iron
c) Copper
d) Gold
Ans.c) Copper
49.The Great Bath, one of the most impressive structures at Mohenjo-daro, was likely used for:
a) Religious rituals
b) Political meetings
c) Water storage
d) Bathing and cleaning
Ans. d) Bathing and cleaning
50.Which of the following animals was not depicted in Indus Valley Civilization art?
a) Elephant
b) Bull
c) Tiger
d) Lion
Ans. a) Elephant
51.What was the main crop grown by the Indus Valley people?
a) Wheat
b) Barley
c) Rice
d) Maize
Ans. b) Barley
52.The script used by the Indus Valley Civilization has yet to be deciphered, but it is known that it was written from:
a) Left to right
b) Right to left
c) Top to bottom
d) Bottom to top
Ans.b) Right to left
53.What was the most common material used to make seals in the Indus Valley Civilization?
a) Clay
b) Stone
c) Metal
d) Wood
Ans. a) Clay
54.Which of the following metals was not known to the Indus Valley people?
a) Gold
b) Copper
c) Silver
d) Iron
Ans.d) Iron
55.Which of the following Indus Valley sites was discovered first?
a) Harappa
b) Lothal
c) Mohenjo-daro
d) Kalibangan
Ans.a) Harappa
56.What was the most common mode of transportation in the Indus Valley Civilization?
a) Horse-drawn chariots
b) Camels
c) Boats
d) Foot
Ans.c)Boats
57.Which of the following cities of the Indus Valley Civilization was most likely a seaport?
a) Lothal
b) Harappa
c) Mohenjo-daro
d) Kalibangan
Ans.a) Lothal
58.What was the function of the granaries found in the Indus Valley Civilization?
a) Storage of food
b) Religious ceremonies
c) Housing for the poor
d) Workshops for artisans
Ans.a) Storage of food
59.Which of the following metals was extensively used in the making of ornaments during the Indus Valley Civilization?
a) Bronze
b) Iron
c) Copper
d) Silver
Ans.d) Silver
60.Which of the following Indus Valley sites is located in present-day Pakistan?
a) Kalibangan
b) Lothal
c) Dholavira
d) Harappa
Ans.d) Harappa
61.Which of the following domesticated animals was not known to the Indus Valley people?
a) Cow
b) Sheep
c) Goat
d) Horse
Ans.d) Horse
62.What was the most common form of Harappan pottery?
a) Black-on-red ware
b) Redware
c) Greyware
d) Blackware
Ans. c) Greyware
63.The Indus Valley Civilization was characterized by a high degree of:
a) Centralized political authority
b) Social inequality
c) Religious conflict
d) Trade and commerce
Ans.d) Trade and commerce
64.Which river was the most important to the Indus Valley Civilization?
Answer: c) Indus
65.What was the chief occupation of the Indus Valley people?
Answer: a) Agriculture
66.Which one of the following Indus Valley sites is not in India?
Answer: d) Chanhu-daro
67.What was the main material used for making tools in the Indus Valley Civilization?
Answer: c) Copper
68.The Great Bath, one of the most impressive structures at Mohenjo-daro, was likely used for:
Answer: d) Bathing and cleaning
69.Which of the following animals was not depicted in Indus Valley Civilization art?
Answer: a) Elephant
70.What was the main crop grown by the Indus Valley people?
Answer: b) Barley
71.The script used by the Indus Valley Civilization has yet to be deciphered, but it is known that it was written from:
Answer: b) Right to left
72.What was the most common material used to make seals in the Indus Valley Civilization?
Answer: a) Clay
73.Which of the following metals was not known to the Indus Valley people?
Answer: d) Iron
74.Which of the following Indus Valley sites was discovered first?
Answer: a) Harappa
75.What was the most common mode of transportation in the Indus Valley Civilization?
Answer: c) Boats
76.Which of the following cities of the Indus Valley Civilization was most likely a seaport?
Answer: a) Lothal
77.What was the function of the granaries found in the Indus Valley Civilization?
Answer: a) Storage of food
78.Which of the following metals was extensively used in the making of ornaments during the Indus Valley Civilization?
Answer: d) Silver
79.Which of the following Indus Valley sites is located in present-day Pakistan?
Answer: d) Harappa
80.Which of the following domesticated animals was not known to the Indus Valley people?
Answer: d) Horse
81.What was the most common form of Harappan pottery?
Answer: c) Greyware
82.The Indus Valley Civilization was characterized by a high degree of:
Answer: d) Trade and commerce
83.The largest building at Mohenjo-daro is believed to have been used for:
Answer: b) Public gatherings and meetings
84.What was the primary reason for the decline of the Indus Valley Civilization?
Answer: c) Environmental factors such as climate change and deforestation
85.Which of the following was not a feature of the Indus Valley Civilization?
Answer: b) Monumental architecture
86.The Indus Valley Civilization had a highly developed system of:
Answer: d) Weights and measures
87.Which of the following is not a characteristic of Indus Valley Civilization art?
Answer: b) Large-scale sculptures
88.The Indus Valley Civilization had an extensive trade network that reached as far as:
Answer: b) Mesopotamia
89.What was the most common type of dwelling in the Indus Valley Civilization?
Answer: b) Mud-brick houses
90.Which of the following is not a city of the Indus Valley Civilization?
Answer: c) Pataliputra
91.The Indus Valley Civilization had a system of:
Answer: a) Public sanitation
92.Which of the following was not a crop grown by the Indus Valley people?
Answer: d) Sugarcane
93.Which of the following was not a metal used by the Indus Valley people?
Answer: b) Zinc
94.Which of the following is not a feature of the Indus Valley Civilization?
a) Advanced urban planning
b) Sophisticated drainage system
c) Use of bronze and copper tools
d) Use of iron tools
Answer: d) Use of iron tools
95.What was the main source of livelihood for the Indus Valley people?
a) Agriculture
b) Hunting
c) Trading
d) Fishing
Answer: a) Agriculture
96.Which of the following is a unique feature of the Indus Valley Civilization?
a) Use of the wheel
b) Writing system
c) Bronze metallurgy
d) Domestication of animals
Answer: b) Writing system
97.Which of the following is not a characteristic of Indus Valley Civilization architecture?
a) Brick buildings
b) Use of arches
c) Decorative sculptures
d) Flat roofs
Answer: c) Decorative sculptures
98.The Great Bath, an important structure of the Indus Valley Civilization, was likely used for:
a) Religious rituals
b) Political meetings
c) Water storage
d) Bathing and cleaning
Answer: d) Bathing and cleaning
99.Which of the following animals was not depicted in Indus Valley Civilization art?
a) Elephant
b) Bull
c) Tiger
d) Lion
Answer: a) Elephant
100.What was the main crop grown by the Indus Valley people?
a) Wheat
b) Barley
c) Rice
d) Maize
Answer: b) Barley
101.Which of the following metals was not known to the Indus Valley people?
a) Gold
b) Copper
c) Silver
d) Iron
Answer: d) Iron
102.What was the most common mode of transportation in the Indus Valley Civilization?
a) Horse-drawn chariots
b) Camels
c) Boats
d) Foot
Answer: c) Boats
103.The Indus Valley Civilization was characterized by a high degree of:
a) Centralized political authority
b) Social inequality
c) Religious conflict
d) Trade and commerce
Answer: d) Trade and commerce
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