Sites of Harappan Civilisation:
Harappa: Located in present-day Punjab, Pakistan, Harappa is one of the most well-known
and extensively excavated sites of the Harappan Civilization. It was one of the largest and
most important cities of the civilization,
with a well-planned layout and sophisticated infrastructure.
Mohenjo-daro: Located in present-day Sindh, Pakistan, Mohenjo-daro is another major site of the
Harappan Civilization. It was a thriving city with a complex social organization and a highly developed
system of water management.
Dholavira: Located in present-day Gujarat, India, Dholavira is one of the largest and most prominent
Harappan sites in India. It was a city with a unique water management system, large public buildings,
and a complex system of fortifications.
Kalibangan: Located in present-day Rajasthan, India, Kalibangan was an important Harappan site with
evidence of both urban and rural settlements. It was also one of the few sites where evidence of
fire altars and animal sacrifices were found.
Lothal: Located in present-day Gujarat, India, Lothal was a major center of maritime trade during the
Harappan period. It had a well-developed dockyard and evidence of a flourishing trade network with
Mesopotamia and other regions.
Rakhigarhi: Located in present-day Haryana, India, Rakhigarhi is the largest Harappan site in
India and one of the largest in the world. It has evidence of both urban and rural settlements,
and its excavation has yielded a wealth of artifacts,
including pottery, jewelry, and seals.
Ganeriwala: Located in present-day Punjab, Pakistan, Ganeriwala is a lesser-known Harappan
site with evidence of urban planning, public buildings, and a complex water management system.
Surkotada: Located in present-day Gujarat, India, Surkotada is a Harappan site that was originally
a small fortified settlement but later developed into a larger urban center. It has yielded important
artifacts like horse bones, suggesting that the Harappans had domesticated horses.
Banawali: Located in present-day Haryana, India, Banawali is a Harappan site with evidence of a
well-planned layout and a complex water management system. It has also yielded important artifacts
like copper and bronze tools and terracotta figurines.
Alamgirpur: Located in present-day Uttar Pradesh, India, Alamgirpur is a Harappan site that was
originally a rural settlement but later developed into an urban center. It has yielded important artifacts
like pottery, beads, and copper objects.
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